The disposal options
The CLT model of community ownership has individual and community benefits.
Properties which are brought into the CLT become affordable in perpetuity either
through their continued ownership or through the recycling of equity retained by
the CLT. CLTs can offer eligible households flexibility and choice,
Renting
Renting can be offered as an alternative to part-purchase but usually at a
higher economic rental than that charged by a RSL. e.g. up to 25% of local
average household incomes. (TBC)
Equity Mortgage
This is suitable for use generally in communities where prices overall are no
more than two or three times the affordable level, where it is not a strategic
requirement of community land trust or a legal requirement of the local planning
authority under a Section 106 Agreement to retain a unit specifically as
permanently affordable and where suitable homes are available on the open market
for the CLT to purchase as replacements for those sold under this scheme. Equity
mortgage is unlikely to be appropriate in rural exception sites.
The CLT transfers the freehold of the property to the buyer. The buyer’s
principal lender grants to the buyer a loan on a first legal charge on the
freehold interest in the property on the conventional basis.
The CLT grants the buyer an equity loan for the remainder of the purchase
price of the property at full open market value secured by a second legal charge
(“the equity mortgage”). The amount required to be repaid under the CLT’s charge
to the CLT is the same percentage of open market value at point of repayment as
the equity mortgage represented when it was first granted. No repayment is due
on the second charge until the property is sold by the buyer and no interest is
payable on the loan,
This might work as follows:
|
£ |
% of OMV |
| Loan amount affordable to the buyer |
90,000 |
60 |
| Plus Savings |
10,000 |
7 |
| TOTAL Resources available from buyer |
10,0000 |
67 |
| Full Open Market Value |
150,000 |
100 |
| CLT ‘Equity Mortgage |
50,000 |
33 |
In the above example the buyer is financing 67% of the Open Market Valuer
(OMV) which might equate with the CLTs build costs. However the buyer may be
able to afford a higher purchase price of say £120,000 (80%) of equity which in
turn would enable the CLT to dispose of another property at a smaller level of
equity: £80,000 or 53%. In other words the two buyers are financing the CLTs
total net costs of providing homes.
The CLT will also have:
- A pre-emption right to buy the property back at open market value when the
buyer wishes to sell (so as to be able to retain it in affordable use if this is
financially feasible) on condition that completion is achieved within thirteen
weeks from notification that the buyer wishes to sell.
- A nomination right to put forward purchasers in housing need who may
themselves receive the assistance of an equity mortgage to buy the property,
again the purchase by a nominee to be completed within thirteen weeks.
- The CLT can also make a rent charge of £100-£200 on the property, rising
annually with RPI, to cover its administration costs and a fee of up to 0.5% of
the open market value on sale to cover its costs on sale.
You will need to negotiate with the local planning authority a Section 106
Agreement which would require the homes for sale on first sale to be affordable
at the level required by virtue of equity mortgages available through a CLT. The
CLT is required to use the equity made available to it through the planning
condition to retain affordable opportunities in these or replacement properties.
The Section 106 Agreement would
- Specify the range of sale prices for first sales, normally somewhere
between 40-70% of open market value (with the balance of course held by the CLT
equity mortgage).
- Require homes to be available first to people with a local connection and
through a “cascade” mechanism then to those from surrounding areas and then to
those from the whole district. The entire cascade procedure should take no more
than13 weeks – some High Street lenders are trying to reduce this to as little
as 45 days. Individual circumstances may vary from local authority to local
authority but the time limits should not.
- Allow a mortgagee in possession to sell the property to a person without a
local connection if no buyer with a local connection has been found by the
mortgagee within the time limit in (c) above.
Protected Area Shared Ownership
This disposal method is suitable where homes have been provided through a
rural exception site or on other rural sites where the Section 106 Agreement
requires these specific units to remain permanently affordable to the extent
that they cannot be allowed to move onto the open market
Protected Area Shared Ownership was introduced by the Housing & Regeneration
Act 2008 to protect shared ownership leases from enfranchisement where the
ability of the Lessee to acquire further shares was limited. The 2008 Act
created a list of Protected Areas (link available on request) which, in essence,
consists of those rural areas which are exempt from the Right to Acquire.
The CLT will have under the lease the following rights:
- A pre-emption right to buy the property back when the buyer wishes to sell
(so as to be able to retain it in affordable use) within a thirteen week time
limit from the date the buyer notifies the CLT that he or she wishes to sell.
- A nomination right to put forward purchasers in housing need who may
themselves buy the property under a shared ownership lease provided the purchase
is completed within a thirteen week time limit. The CLT would also charge a
ground rent of £150 per annum on the property, rising annually with RPI to cover
its administration costs and a fee of up to 0.5% of open market value on sale to
cover its costs of sale.
You will need to negotiate a Section 106 Agreement with the local planning
authority on the following basis;
- That it would require the homes to be owned for no more than a specific
percentage of open market value or let at not more than a specific percentage of
the market rent/local reference rent.
- That it would specify the range of percentages of open market value required
on each initial sale, normally between 40-70% of open market value.
- Would require the homes to be made available first to people with a local
connection and then through a cascade to those from surrounding areas after six
weeks and to those from the whole district after thirteen weeks.
- Would allow a mortgagee in possession to sell to a person without a local
connection and free from the cascade rules if no buyer has been found within
thirteen weeks.
The mortgagee’s security is the share of ownership held by the buyer. The
lease would contain a mortgagee protection clause on the same basis as New Build
Homebuy under shared ownership allowing a mortgagee in possession to recover the
same level of losses as it would under normal shared ownership. The CLT would
have to recognise that using this method could allow a buyer to acquire a share
as high as 80% and that a mortgagee selling the unit in possession would sell
fee of the affordable housing obligations. However, shared ownership has a
proven track record with lenders and a new form lease has just been agreed with
the Council of Mortgage Lenders.